Nitric oxide synthase 2 (inducible)

Nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible

Rendering of 1NSI

Available structures
PDB	1NSI, 2NSI, 3E7G, 3EJ8, 3HR4, 4NOS

Identifiers

Symbols

NOS2; HEP-NOS; INOS; NOS; NOS2A

External IDs

OMIM: 163730 MGI: 97361 HomoloGene: 55473 GeneCards: NOS2 Gene

EC number

1.14.13.39

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• nitric-oxide synthase activity • nitric-oxide synthase activity • protein binding • calmodulin binding • FMN binding • oxidoreductase activity • heme binding • tetrahydrobiopterin binding • arginine binding • protein homodimerization activity • metal ion binding • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • NADP binding
Cellular component	• intracellular • nucleus • cytoplasm • cytosol • cytosol • cortical cytoskeleton • perinuclear region of cytoplasm
Biological process	• response to hypoxia • positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity • innate immune response in mucosa • arginine catabolic process • superoxide metabolic process • nitric oxide biosynthetic process • blood coagulation • peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation • platelet activation • regulation of cell proliferation • defense response to bacterium • defense response to bacterium • regulation of cellular respiration • regulation of insulin secretion • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 17:
26.08 – 26.13 Mb

Chr 11:
78.73 – 78.77 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Nitric oxide synthase, inducible is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOS2 gene.^[1]

Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. This gene encodes a nitric oxide synthase which is expressed in liver and is inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines. Three related pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[2]

Interactions

Nitric oxide synthase 2A has been shown to interact with Caveolin 1^[3] and Rac2.^[4]

References

^ Geller DA, Lowenstein CJ, Shapiro RA, Nussler AK, Di Silvio M, Wang SC, Nakayama DK, Simmons RL, Snyder SH, Billiar TR (May 1993). "Molecular cloning and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase from human hepatocytes". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90 (8): 3491–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3491. PMC 46326. PMID 7682706. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=46326.
^ "Entrez Gene: NOS2A nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4843.
^ Felley-Bosco, E; Bender F C, Courjault-Gautier F, Bron C, Quest A F (Dec. 2000). "Caveolin-1 down-regulates inducible nitric oxide synthase via the proteasome pathway in human colon carcinoma cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 97 (26): 14334–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.250406797. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 18919. PMID 11114180. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=18919.
^ Kuncewicz, T; Balakrishnan P, Snuggs M B, Kone B C (Aug. 2001). "Specific association of nitric oxide synthase-2 with Rac isoforms in activated murine macrophages". Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. (United States) 281 (2): F326–36. ISSN 0363-6127. PMID 11457725.

PDB gallery

1nsi: HUMAN INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE, ZN-BOUND, L-ARG COMPLEX

2nsi: HUMAN INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE, ZN-FREE, SEITU COMPLEX

4nos: HUMAN INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE WITH INHIBITOR

Metabolism: amino acid metabolism · neurotransmitter enzymes

monoamine

histidine→histamine	anabolism: Histidine decarboxylase catabolism: Histamine N-methyltransferase · Amine oxidase

tyrosine→dopamine→epinephrine	anabolism: Tyrosine hydroxylase · Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase · Dopamine beta hydroxylase · Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase catabolism: Catechol-O-methyl transferase · Monoamine oxidase

glutamate→GABA	anabolism: Glutamate decarboxylase catabolism: 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase · 4-aminobutyrate transaminase

tryptophan→serotonin→melatonin	Tryptophan hydroxylase · Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase · Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase

arginine→NO

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS1, NOS2, NOS3)

choline→Acetylcholine

anabolism: Choline acetyltransferase
catabolism: Cholinesterase (Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase)

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)

Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)

1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase - Lysyl hydroxylase

1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO1, FMO2, FMO3, FMO4, FMO5) - Nitric oxide synthase (NOS1, NOS2, NOS3) - Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase - Methane monooxygenase - 3A4 - Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase

1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 - 2D6 - 2E1

1.14.15: reduced iron-sulfur protein	11B1 - 11B2 - 11A1

1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase - Tyrosine hydroxylase - Tryptophan hydroxylase

1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta hydroxylase

1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase - Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase - Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) - Squalene monooxygenase - 17A1 - 21A2

B enzm: 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/10/11/13/14/15-18, 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8, 2.7.10, 2.7.11-12, 3.1/2/3/4/5/6/7, 3.1.3.48, 3.4.21/22/23/24, 4.1/2/3/4/5/6, 5.1/2/3/4/99, 6.1-3/4/5-6